Music theory for everybody | Musiclever

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Introduction to dynamics

Dynamics are expressions specifying the loudness of a musical passage.

Bar

The bar (or measure) structures a musical work in equal time units.

Time signature

The time signature indicates the metric, that is, the number and the value of the beats in a measure.

Pulse and tempo

The pulse is a regular beat. The tempo corresponds to the speed of the pulse.

Rhythm figures

The rhythm figures are graphical representations of the notes duration.

Rests

Rests are graphical representations equivalent to the note figures and during which the musician does not play.

Note names

The name of a note is used to designate the pitch of a sound.

Staff

The staff is a set of horizontal lines on which are written the musical notes.

Clefs

The clef is a symbol at the beginning of the staff that associates a staff line with a reference note, from which the names of the other notes can be deduced.

Tones and semitones

The tones and semitones constitute the unit of measurement of the intervals between the notes.

Intervals

The interval corresponds to the pitch difference between two notes.

Interval qualification

The qualification of an interval specifies its nature and its composition, that is to say the tones and semitones that form it.

Interval inversion

To invert an interval consists to put an octave higher the interval lowest note. This gives a new interval, complementary to the first one.

Introduction to accidentals

An accidental changes the pitch of a note by one or more semitones, upward or downward, without changing the name of the note.

Accidental position and effect

Unlike the key signature, an accidental is placed within a measure, just before the altered note. Its effect stops at the end of the measure in which it is placed.

Key signature

The key signature is a set of sharps or flats placed at the beginning of the staff. It corresponds to the key (or tonality) of a musical work.

Three-note chords (triads)

A chord is a set of at least 3 sounds played simultaneously.

Four-note chords (seventh chords)

A four-note chord is based on a three-note chord to which is added an additional note located at an interval of seventh of the root note.

Key signature

The key signature is a set of sharps or flats placed at the beginning of the staff. It corresponds to the key (or tonality) of a musical work.

Degrees

Degrees indicate the functions of the notes of a key. Each degree corresponds to a number and a function name.

The circle of fifths

The circle of fifths is a graphic representation of the relationships between major and minor keys and their respective key signature.